[{"_1":2,"_1499":-5,"_1500":-5},"loaderData",{"_3":4,"_872":873},"root",{"_5":6,"_7":8,"_9":10,"_11":12,"_13":14,"_15":16,"_27":28,"_33":34,"_37":24,"_38":39,"_42":-7,"_43":44,"_49":-7,"_50":51,"_62":63,"_64":65,"_83":84,"_760":761,"_762":-7,"_763":764,"_777":778,"_808":809},"href","http://www.itprotoday.com/software-development?p=761244&page=46","brand","itprotoday","domainUrl","https://www.itprotoday.com","authenticationStatus","anonymous","siteName","ITPro Today","ads",{"_17":18,"_19":20,"_21":22,"_23":24,"_25":26},"networkId",3834,"parentAdUnit","itprotoday.home","enabledAds","all","checkClientIP",false,"disableSponsorBar",true,"authConfig",{"_29":24,"_30":-7,"_31":-7,"_32":24},"enabled","authenticationConfigId","standaloneRegistrationPage","disableCaptcha","vwo",{"_29":26,"_35":36},"accountId","734041","isDctsTurnOn","oneTrust",{"_40":41},"siteId","dfd08c13-c8cf-43d1-8ccc-a1ca99dc6d5e","cookieBanner","gtmIds",{"_45":46,"_47":48},"primary","GTM-5523ZCM","secondary","GTM-MTN2X7K","pageContent","ui",{"_7":8,"_52":53,"_54":55},"theme","theme1","font",{"_45":56,"_47":61},{"_57":58,"_59":60},"name","Inter","url","https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Inter:wght@100;200;300;400;500;600;700;800;900&display=swap",{"_57":58,"_59":60},"environment","prod","featureToggles",{"_66":24,"_67":24,"_68":24,"_69":24,"_70":24,"_71":24,"_72":24,"_73":24,"_74":24,"_75":24,"_76":77,"_78":24,"_79":24,"_80":26,"_81":26,"_82":26},"elnNewsletter","elnWithoutNewsletter","iirisAuthentication","subBrand","useSettingsRedirectAPIVersion1","gatingEnabled","iirisRecommendationDisabled","iasPetEnabled","bridgedMediaEnabled","ecommerceEnabled","iirisRecommendationVer","version4","weather3MonthForecastEnabled","legacyHomepage","oneTrustEnabled","transcendEnabled","useTechInformaBar","layout",{"_85":86,"_106":107,"_130":131,"_565":566,"_684":685,"_691":692,"_758":26,"_759":24},"socialLinks",[87,91,94,97,100,103],{"_88":89,"_59":90},"type","Facebook","https://www.facebook.com/ITProToday/",{"_88":92,"_59":93},"Twitter","https://twitter.com/ITProToday",{"_88":95,"_59":96},"Linkedin","https://www.linkedin.com/company/itpro-today/",{"_88":98,"_59":99},"Youtube","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCedUgT8R7qC3vsOSxXS5-ZA",{"_88":101,"_59":102},"GoogleNews","https://news.google.com/publications/CAAqKQgKIiNDQklTRkFnTWFoQUtEbWwwY0hKdmRHOWtZWGt1WTI5dEtBQVAB",{"_88":104,"_59":105},"RSS","https://www.itprotoday.com/rss.xml","informaBar",{"_29":26,"_108":109,"_127":128},"leftSection",{"_110":111,"_112":113},"description","Together, we power an unparalleled network of 220+ online properties covering 10,000+ granular topics, serving an audience of 50+ million professionals with original, objective content from trusted sources. We help you gain critical insights and make more informed decisions across your business priorities.","subMenu",[114,118,121,124],{"_115":116,"_59":117},"title","INFORMA PLC","https://informa.com/",{"_115":119,"_59":120},"ABOUT US","https://informa.com/about-us/",{"_115":122,"_59":123},"INVESTOR RELATIONS","https://informa.com/investors/",{"_115":125,"_59":126},"TALENT","https://informa.com/talent/","rightSection",{"_110":129},"This site is operated by a business or businesses owned by Informa PLC and all copyright resides with them. Informa PLC's registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Registered in England and Wales. Number 8860726.","nav",{"_132":133,"_555":556},"mainMenuItems",[134,208,276,329,367,399,434,463,497,519],{"_115":135,"_59":136,"_137":138,"_139":136,"_140":26,"_112":141,"_154":155},"Cloud","/cloud-computing","seeAllLink","SEE ALL Cloud","seeAllLinkUrl","hasSubMenu",[142,145,148,151],{"_115":143,"_59":144},"Cloud Services","/cloud-computing/cloud-services",{"_115":146,"_59":147},"Hybrid Cloud","/cloud-computing/hybrid-cloud",{"_115":149,"_59":150},"Private Cloud","/cloud-computing/private-cloud",{"_115":152,"_59":153},"Public Cloud","/cloud-computing/public-cloud","recentContents",[156,193],{"_157":158,"_163":164,"_165":164,"_166":167,"_168":169,"_170":171,"_172":173,"_174":171,"_175":149,"_176":150,"_177":178,"_179":180,"_187":188,"_189":190,"_191":192},"thumbnail",{"_159":160,"_161":162},"src","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt9cb6fc8f81f6c661/67a13c1d06b7eaf362710739/cloud-button-1716x965_-_2025-02-03.jpg","alt","finger pressing a cloud power button","articleName","Dedicated Cloud vs. Private Cloud: How to Choose the Right Solution","mobileHeadline","articleSummary","Dedicated clouds offer businesses full control over cloud infrastructure — ideal for specialized workloads but often at a higher cost. Here's when to choose them over private clouds.","articleUrl","/private-cloud/dedicated-cloud-vs-private-cloud-how-to-choose-the-right-solution","listPageUrl","","date","Feb 4, 2025","webinarStartTime","categoryName","categoryUrl","contentType","Article","contributors",[181],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},"Christopher Tozzi","link","/author/christopher-tozzi","avatar","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt363e2b757d4697ca/6613c9a4e92bcfe48a891995/christophertozzi_2.jpg","timeRead",4,"variant","card-vertical","layoutVariant","vertical",{"_157":194,"_163":197,"_165":197,"_166":198,"_168":199,"_170":171,"_172":200,"_174":171,"_175":201,"_176":136,"_177":178,"_179":202,"_187":207,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":195,"_161":196},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt52b5383fd6726821/67a0e243c89970aadad3ebf7/healthcare-and-cloud-1716x965_-_2024-12-16.jpg","stethoscope on top of a tablet with clouds on the screen","Legacy-to-Cloud in the Healthcare Sector: Out with the Old, In with the New","By migrating from costly, outdated legacy systems to cloud-based solutions, healthcare organizations will experience improved scalability, security, and efficiency.","/cloud-computing/legacy-to-cloud-in-the-healthcare-sector-out-with-the-old-in-with-the-new","Feb 3, 2025","Cloud Computing",[203],{"_57":204,"_183":205,"_185":206},"Industry Perspectives","/author/industry-perspectives","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltd7fa51c8929351c1/6659df384bcb3c8c0e786295/ITP_IP.png",5,{"_115":209,"_59":210,"_137":211,"_139":210,"_140":26,"_112":212,"_154":243},"OS","/operating-systems","See All OS",[213,216,219,222,225,228,231,234,237,240],{"_115":214,"_59":215},"Microsoft Windows","/operating-systems/microsoft-windows",{"_115":217,"_59":218},"Windows Server","/operating-systems/windows-server",{"_115":220,"_59":221},"PowerShell","/operating-systems/powershell",{"_115":223,"_59":224},"Linux OS","/operating-systems/linux-os",{"_115":226,"_59":227},"SQL Server","/operating-systems/sql-server",{"_115":229,"_59":230},"MacOS","/operating-systems/macos",{"_115":232,"_59":233},"Android OS","/operating-systems/android-os",{"_115":235,"_59":236},"ChromeOS","/operating-systems/chromeos",{"_115":238,"_59":239},"Ubuntu","/operating-systems/ubuntu",{"_115":241,"_59":242},"Red Hat OS","/operating-systems/red-hat-os",[244,260],{"_157":245,"_163":248,"_165":248,"_166":249,"_168":250,"_170":251,"_172":252,"_174":171,"_175":223,"_176":224,"_177":253,"_179":254,"_187":259,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":246,"_161":247},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt61427285d9637776/679ba06eea537e2d79e9d7a2/Lynis_(1716_x_965_px).png","a thumbnail for the lynus tutorial featuring text about what the tutorial covers and a picture of a laptop with the lynus website opened on its screen","Using Lynis for Linux Security Audits (Video Tutorial)","Watch this tutorial to learn how to use Lynis, an open source security auditing tool, to audit and enhance Linux security. ","/linux-os/using-lynix-for-linux-security-audits-video-tutorial-","/videos","Jan 31, 2025","Video",[255],{"_57":256,"_183":257,"_185":258},"Grant Knoetze","/author/grant-knoetze","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltb840b8274b6e83ca/6613c9f9ddf6623b6265761c/Grant-Knoetze-cropped.jpg",10,{"_157":261,"_163":264,"_165":264,"_166":265,"_168":266,"_170":171,"_172":267,"_174":171,"_175":268,"_176":269,"_177":178,"_179":270,"_187":275,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":262,"_161":263},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt6b8e4fdc01766176/6797b16260c896ce799c7d60/waiting_for_an_IT_process_to_complete.gif","an IT worker is asleep waiting for a long IT process to complete","Can I Speed Up Our Windows Storage Spaces Recovery?","An IT pro seeks advice on speeding up rebuild times after a drive failure in Windows Storage Spaces.","/storage/can-i-speed-up-our-windows-storage-spaces-recovery-","Jan 28, 2025","Storage","/operating-systems/windows-server/storage",[271],{"_57":272,"_183":273,"_185":274},"Brien Posey","/author/brien-posey","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltbd2d61ed5b87072c/6613c9a9bce8e3a5a1d68782/Brien_Posey.jpg",3,{"_115":277,"_59":278,"_137":279,"_139":278,"_140":26,"_112":280,"_154":296},"IT Mgmt","/it-management","See All IT Mgmt",[281,284,287,290,293],{"_115":282,"_59":283},"IT Operations","/it-management/it-operations",{"_115":285,"_59":286},"DevOps","/it-management/devops",{"_115":288,"_59":289},"Ops and More","/it-management/ops-and-more",{"_115":291,"_59":292},"IT Sustainability","/it-management/it-sustainability",{"_115":294,"_59":295},"IT Automation","/it-management/it-automation",[297,311],{"_157":298,"_163":301,"_165":301,"_166":302,"_168":303,"_170":171,"_172":304,"_174":171,"_175":305,"_176":278,"_177":178,"_179":306,"_187":275,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":299,"_161":300},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt47d39082b032c240/679aa069aa5c412376ae3f25/budget-increase-1716x965_-_2024-08-26.jpg","coins stacked in columns increasing in size","90% of Organizations Plan IT Budget Increases Despite 'Black Holes': Report","Apptio's Global Survey Report finds a strong uptick in IT budgets, but organizations have budgetary black holes to figure out.","/it-management/90-of-organizations-plan-it-budget-increases-despite-black-holes-report","Jan 30, 2025","IT Management",[307],{"_57":308,"_183":309,"_185":310},"Sean Michael Kerner","/author/sean-michael-kerner","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltee90581768c0b698/661d3e06d44b2446681f4a1d/SM-kerner.png",{"_157":312,"_163":315,"_165":315,"_166":316,"_168":317,"_170":171,"_172":318,"_174":171,"_175":305,"_176":278,"_177":178,"_179":319,"_187":328,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":313,"_161":314},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltcc80767bdcd22cca/679a7bc5cec5310af112d283/dominos-1716x965_-_2025-01-29.jpg","hand stopping dominos from falling","How IT Leaders Can Weather Geopolitical Unrest","Ensuring business continuity in times of geopolitical unrest can be very challenging. Extreme agility helps.","/it-management/how-it-leaders-can-weather-geopolitical-unrest","Jan 29, 2025",[320,324],{"_57":321,"_183":322,"_185":323},"Lisa Morgan","/author/lisa-morgan","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltb11c8ae625be7abe/6613c9bdd9d6083199a9aceb/lisamorgan.jpg",{"_57":325,"_183":326,"_185":327},"InformationWeek","/author/informationweek","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltfe700963d293545b/662c186ab6e73c2096cb1da7/251403_Favicon_512x512.png",1,{"_115":330,"_59":331,"_137":332,"_139":331,"_140":26,"_112":333,"_154":343},"Career","/career-management","See All Career Mgmt",[334,337,340],{"_115":335,"_59":336},"Career Tips","/career-management/career-tips",{"_115":338,"_59":339},"Certifications","/career-management/certifications",{"_115":341,"_59":342},"Training","/career-management/training",[344,356],{"_157":345,"_163":348,"_165":348,"_166":349,"_168":350,"_170":171,"_172":200,"_174":171,"_175":335,"_176":336,"_177":178,"_179":351,"_187":275,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":346,"_161":347},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt9f06e343adb68653/679cff91efa87576f4324be8/WORK.gif","a laptop with a split screen showing conventional job work and a side project. an animated toggle above switches between work and side project.","Can I Use Company Tools for Personal Side Projects?","An IT pro seeks guidance on whether it’s ever acceptable to use work resources for side projects.","/career-tips/can-i-use-company-tools-for-personal-side-projects-",[352],{"_57":353,"_183":354,"_185":355},"Danielle Meinert","/author/danielle-meinert","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt6cea48e7fba9fe0c/66744228de07df7824ca2798/danielle-profile-photo.jpeg",{"_157":357,"_163":360,"_165":360,"_166":361,"_168":362,"_170":171,"_172":318,"_174":171,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_177":178,"_179":365,"_187":188,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":358,"_161":359},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt06b2f55840a4781e/679927a0ae49130f3bf88760/coding-1716x965_-_2025-01-28.jpg","the word \"coding\" among programming language","Should You Learn to Code in the Age of AI? Pros and Cons","With AI rapidly transforming software development, is coding still a valuable skill to master? Explore the pros and cons of learning to code in a world increasingly dominated by AI-driven tools and shifting job markets.","/programming-languages/should-you-learn-to-code-in-the-age-of-ai-pros-and-cons","Programming Languages","/software-development/programming-languages",[366],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},{"_115":268,"_59":368,"_137":369,"_139":368,"_140":26,"_112":370,"_154":383},"/data-storage","See All Data Storage",[371,374,377,380],{"_115":372,"_59":373},"Cloud Storage","/data-storage/cloud-storage",{"_115":375,"_59":376},"High Speed Storage","/data-storage/high-speed-storage",{"_115":378,"_59":379},"Data Backup","/data-storage/data-backup",{"_115":381,"_59":382},"Disaster Recovery","/data-storage/disaster-recovery",[384,388],{"_157":385,"_163":264,"_165":264,"_166":265,"_168":266,"_170":171,"_172":267,"_174":171,"_175":268,"_176":269,"_177":178,"_179":386,"_187":275,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":262,"_161":263},[387],{"_57":272,"_183":273,"_185":274},{"_157":389,"_163":392,"_165":392,"_166":393,"_168":394,"_170":251,"_172":395,"_174":171,"_175":220,"_176":221,"_177":253,"_179":396,"_187":398,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":390,"_161":391},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt94cde3a65332ae22/6792598cc06ae446d810c46f/powershell_progress_bar_resized.png","a simple thumbnail with the words \"powershell progress bars for external processes, tutorial by brien posey,\" and a screenshot from the video","How To Create PowerShell Progress Bars for External Tasks (Video Tutorial)","Learn how to use PowerShell to track and display the progress of external processes, such as file transfers, for better monitoring and visualization.","/powershell/how-to-create-powershell-progress-bars-for-external-tasks-video-tutorial-","Jan 24, 2025",[397],{"_57":272,"_183":273,"_185":274},8,{"_115":400,"_59":401,"_137":402,"_139":401,"_140":26,"_112":403,"_154":425},"Security","/it-security","See All IT Security",[404,407,410,413,416,419,422],{"_115":405,"_59":406},"Vulnerabilities & Threats","/it-security/vulnerabilities-threats",{"_115":408,"_59":409},"Attacks & Breaches","/it-security/attacks-breaches",{"_115":411,"_59":412},"Regulatory Compliance","/it-security/regulatory-compliance",{"_115":414,"_59":415},"Data Privacy","/it-security/data-privacy",{"_115":417,"_59":418},"Cloud Security","/it-security/cloud-security",{"_115":420,"_59":421},"Endpoint Security","/it-security/endpoint-security",{"_115":423,"_59":424},"Identity Mgmt & Access Control","/it-security/identity-management-access-control",[426,430],{"_157":427,"_163":348,"_165":348,"_166":349,"_168":350,"_170":171,"_172":200,"_174":171,"_175":335,"_176":336,"_177":178,"_179":428,"_187":275,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":346,"_161":347},[429],{"_57":353,"_183":354,"_185":355},{"_157":431,"_163":248,"_165":248,"_166":249,"_168":250,"_170":251,"_172":252,"_174":171,"_175":223,"_176":224,"_177":253,"_179":432,"_187":259,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":246,"_161":247},[433],{"_57":256,"_183":257,"_185":258},{"_115":435,"_59":436,"_137":437,"_139":436,"_140":26,"_112":438,"_154":449},"Dev","/software-development","See All Software Dev",[439,442,443,446],{"_115":440,"_59":441},"Cloud Native","/software-development/cloud-native",{"_115":363,"_59":364},{"_115":444,"_59":445},"No-Code/Low-Code","/software-development/no-code-low-code",{"_115":447,"_59":448},"Software Development Techniques","/software-development/software-development-techniques",[450,459],{"_157":451,"_163":454,"_165":454,"_166":455,"_168":456,"_170":171,"_172":200,"_174":171,"_175":457,"_176":436,"_177":178,"_179":458,"_187":188,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":452,"_161":453},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt30074bb7709364f9/679274e9a1022c37816fb898/image1-1920x1080.jpg","Man at computer screen","Things to Keep in Mind when Choosing a Remote Support Solution in a Crowded Market","A quick guide to selecting a cost-effective remote support software that is versatile, user-friendly, and fully secure.","/software-development/unlock-new-revenue-streams-with-software-bundling","Sponsored Content",[],{"_157":460,"_163":360,"_165":360,"_166":361,"_168":362,"_170":171,"_172":318,"_174":171,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_177":178,"_179":461,"_187":188,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":358,"_161":359},[462],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},{"_115":464,"_59":465,"_137":466,"_139":465,"_140":26,"_112":467,"_154":477},"DX","/digital-transformation","See All Digital Transformation",[468,471,474],{"_115":469,"_59":470},"AI & Machine Learning","/digital-transformation/ai-machine-learning",{"_115":472,"_59":473},"Edge Computing","/digital-transformation/edge-computing",{"_115":475,"_59":476},"IoT","/digital-transformation/iot",[478,487],{"_157":479,"_163":482,"_165":482,"_166":483,"_168":484,"_170":171,"_172":304,"_174":171,"_175":469,"_176":470,"_177":178,"_179":485,"_187":188,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":480,"_161":481},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt0fde562027caf58d/679c048defa875924432465e/image-1716x965_-_2025-01-30T180010.623.jpg","a human profile in a high-tech setting","AI Isn’t Magic: Demystifying How AI Works","By demystifying how AI—especially generative AI—functions, we can build public trust and highlight AI as a powerful yet controllable tool.","/ai-machine-learning/ai-isn-t-magic-demystifying-how-ai-works",[486],{"_57":204,"_183":205,"_185":206},{"_157":488,"_163":491,"_165":491,"_166":492,"_168":493,"_170":171,"_172":318,"_174":171,"_175":494,"_176":465,"_177":178,"_179":495,"_187":207,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":489,"_161":490},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt73158ce77c14fd35/679a2bb70f32f98c9291229c/digital-transformation-1716x965_-_2025-01-29.jpg","digital transformation key on keyboard","Smart Assets, Smarter Management: Digital Transformation Through Spatially Enabled EAM","As enterprise asset management evolves, integrating AI, GIS, and IoT enables real-time monitoring, predictive maintenance, and data-driven decision-making, transforming traditional practices into intelligent, future-ready systems.","/digital-transformation/smart-assets-smarter-management-digital-transformation-through-spatially-enabled-eam","Digital Transformation",[496],{"_57":204,"_183":205,"_185":206},{"_115":498,"_59":499,"_137":500,"_139":499,"_140":26,"_112":501,"_154":511},"Infrastructure","/it-infrastructure","See All Infrastructure",[502,505,508],{"_115":503,"_59":504},"High Performance Computing","/it-infrastructure/high-performance-computing",{"_115":506,"_59":507},"Containerization","/it-infrastructure/containerization",{"_115":509,"_59":510},"Server Virtualization","/it-infrastructure/server-virtualization",[512,515],{"_157":513,"_163":454,"_165":454,"_166":455,"_168":456,"_170":171,"_172":200,"_174":171,"_175":457,"_176":436,"_177":178,"_179":514,"_187":188,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":452,"_161":453},[],{"_157":516,"_163":264,"_165":264,"_166":265,"_168":266,"_170":171,"_172":267,"_174":171,"_175":268,"_176":269,"_177":178,"_179":517,"_187":275,"_189":190,"_191":192},{"_159":262,"_161":263},[518],{"_57":272,"_183":273,"_185":274},{"_115":520,"_59":521,"_137":522,"_139":521,"_140":26,"_112":523,"_154":554},"More","/resources","Resource Library",[524,527,530,532,534,537,540,543,545,548,551],{"_115":525,"_59":526},"Newsletters","https://itp-resources.itprotoday.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&sr=pp&_t=pp:&qf=w_itpb86&ch=itpnav",{"_115":528,"_59":529},"How To…?","/latest-how-to",{"_115":204,"_59":531},"/program/industry-perspectives",{"_115":533,"_59":521},"Business Resources",{"_115":535,"_59":536},"Reports/Research","/resources?types=Survey+Report&page=1",{"_115":538,"_59":539},"Online Events","/resources?page=1&types=Virtual+Event&types=Webinar",{"_115":541,"_59":542},"Live Events","/events",{"_115":544,"_59":251},"Videos",{"_115":546,"_59":547},"White Papers","/resources?page=1&types=White+Paper",{"_115":549,"_59":550},"Advertise With Us","/advertise",{"_115":552,"_59":553},"About Us","/about-us",[],"secondaryMenu",[557,560,561,563],{"_115":558,"_59":559},"Documents","/documents",{"_115":538,"_59":539},{"_115":562,"_59":550},"Advertise",{"_115":564,"_59":553},"About","megaMenu",{"_567":568,"_643":644,"_675":676},"largeMenu",[569,575,587,594,599,605,614,620,625,630],{"_115":135,"_59":136,"_112":570,"_137":138,"_139":136},[571,572,573,574],{"_115":143,"_59":144},{"_115":146,"_59":147},{"_115":149,"_59":150},{"_115":152,"_59":153},{"_115":209,"_59":210,"_112":576,"_137":211,"_139":210},[577,578,579,580,581,582,583,584,585,586],{"_115":214,"_59":215},{"_115":217,"_59":218},{"_115":220,"_59":221},{"_115":223,"_59":224},{"_115":226,"_59":227},{"_115":229,"_59":230},{"_115":232,"_59":233},{"_115":235,"_59":236},{"_115":238,"_59":239},{"_115":241,"_59":242},{"_115":277,"_59":278,"_112":588,"_137":279,"_139":278},[589,590,591,592,593],{"_115":282,"_59":283},{"_115":285,"_59":286},{"_115":288,"_59":289},{"_115":291,"_59":292},{"_115":294,"_59":295},{"_115":330,"_59":331,"_112":595,"_137":332,"_139":331},[596,597,598],{"_115":335,"_59":336},{"_115":338,"_59":339},{"_115":341,"_59":342},{"_115":268,"_59":368,"_112":600,"_137":369,"_139":368},[601,602,603,604],{"_115":372,"_59":373},{"_115":375,"_59":376},{"_115":378,"_59":379},{"_115":381,"_59":382},{"_115":400,"_59":401,"_112":606,"_137":402,"_139":401},[607,608,609,610,611,612,613],{"_115":405,"_59":406},{"_115":408,"_59":409},{"_115":411,"_59":412},{"_115":414,"_59":415},{"_115":417,"_59":418},{"_115":420,"_59":421},{"_115":423,"_59":424},{"_115":435,"_59":436,"_112":615,"_137":437,"_139":436},[616,617,618,619],{"_115":440,"_59":441},{"_115":363,"_59":364},{"_115":444,"_59":445},{"_115":447,"_59":448},{"_115":464,"_59":465,"_112":621,"_137":466,"_139":465},[622,623,624],{"_115":469,"_59":470},{"_115":472,"_59":473},{"_115":475,"_59":476},{"_115":498,"_59":499,"_112":626,"_137":500,"_139":499},[627,628,629],{"_115":503,"_59":504},{"_115":506,"_59":507},{"_115":509,"_59":510},{"_115":520,"_59":521,"_112":631,"_137":522,"_139":521},[632,633,634,635,636,637,638,639,640,641,642],{"_115":525,"_59":526},{"_115":528,"_59":529},{"_115":204,"_59":531},{"_115":533,"_59":521},{"_115":535,"_59":536},{"_115":538,"_59":539},{"_115":541,"_59":542},{"_115":544,"_59":251},{"_115":546,"_59":547},{"_115":549,"_59":550},{"_115":552,"_59":553},"smallMenu",[645,654,658],{"_115":646,"_59":171,"_112":647},"Browse",[648,649,650,651,652,653],{"_115":558,"_59":559},{"_115":538,"_59":539},{"_115":541,"_59":542},{"_115":544,"_59":251},{"_115":204,"_59":531},{"_115":533,"_59":521},{"_115":562,"_59":171,"_112":655},[656],{"_115":657,"_59":550},"Explore Marketing Solutions",{"_115":659,"_59":171,"_112":660},"Discover More",[661,664,666,669,672],{"_115":662,"_59":663},"Data Center Knowledge","https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/",{"_115":325,"_59":665},"https://www.informationweek.com/",{"_115":667,"_59":668},"Network Computing","https://www.networkcomputing.com/",{"_115":670,"_59":671},"No Jitter","https://www.nojitter.com/",{"_115":673,"_59":674},"AFCOM","https://afcom.com/","sideNavSections",[677],{"_115":678,"_59":171,"_112":679,"_137":171,"_139":171},"Communicate",[680,681],{"_115":552,"_59":553},{"_115":682,"_59":683},"Contact Us","/contact-us","navBase",{"_686":687},"logo",{"_59":688,"_689":690},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt6a28f214e959257b/65dc5966d7e7df040ab9cb3f/Logo_-_IT_Pro_Today.svg","altText","ITPro Today Logo","footer",{"_686":693,"_695":696,"_726":727,"_728":729},{"_59":694,"_689":690},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt6988047454ea0f07/65def58180429104075f67f7/Logo_-_IT_Pro_Today@2x.png","linkSections",[697,713],{"_698":699,"_115":659,"_88":712},"links",[700,704,706,708,710],{"_701":702,"_703":26,"_115":662,"_59":663},"image",{"_689":171,"_59":694},"openInNewTab",{"_701":705,"_703":26,"_115":325,"_59":665},{"_689":171,"_59":694},{"_701":707,"_703":26,"_115":667,"_59":668},{"_689":171,"_59":694},{"_701":709,"_703":26,"_115":670,"_59":671},{"_689":171,"_59":694},{"_701":711,"_703":26,"_115":673,"_59":674},{"_689":171,"_59":694},"1",{"_698":714,"_115":725,"_88":712},[715,717,721,723],{"_701":716,"_703":26,"_115":552,"_59":553},{"_689":171,"_59":694},{"_701":718,"_703":26,"_115":719,"_59":720},{"_689":171,"_59":694},"Reprints","https://info.wrightsmedia.com/informa-licensing-reprints-request",{"_701":722,"_703":26,"_115":562,"_59":550},{"_689":171,"_59":694},{"_701":724,"_703":26,"_115":682,"_59":683},{"_689":171,"_59":694},"Working With Us","brandLinks",[],"copyright",{"_730":731,"_698":736,"_115":757},"businessUnit",{"_59":732,"_57":733,"_734":735},"https://www.informa.com/","Informa","logoUrl","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt3cbaa492998ab75f/674ef556a2308a7b8e6c5d5f/Informa_Logo_OneLine_Graduated_White_RGB.png",[737,741,745,749,753],{"_701":738,"_703":24,"_115":739,"_59":740},{"_689":739,"_59":740},"Home","https://www.techtarget.com/",{"_701":742,"_703":26,"_115":743,"_59":744},{"_689":743,"_59":744},"CCPA: Do not sell my personal info","https://privacyportal-eu-cdn.onetrust.com/dsarwebform/c1f53e84-9f05-4169-a854-85052b63c50b/5f26b553-52cc-4973-a761-295d5634a6b6.html",{"_701":746,"_703":26,"_115":747,"_59":748},{"_689":747,"_59":748},"Cookies","/cookie-policy",{"_701":750,"_703":26,"_115":751,"_59":752},{"_689":751,"_59":752},"Privacy","https://www.techtarget.com/privacy-policy/",{"_701":754,"_703":26,"_115":755,"_59":756},{"_689":755,"_59":756},"Terms","https://tech.informa.com/terms-and-conditions",". This website is owned and operated by Informa TechTarget, part of a global network that informs, influences and connects the world’s technology buyers and sellers. All copyright resides with them. Informa PLC’s registered office is 5 Howick Place, London SW1P 1WG. Registered in England and Wales. TechTarget, Inc.’s registered office is 275 Grove St. Newton, MA 02466.","isSponsorBarEnabled","isPaidContent","newRelicJs","window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info = {\"agent\":\"\",\"beacon\":\"bam.eu01.nr-data.net\",\"errorBeacon\":\"bam.eu01.nr-data.net\",\"licenseKey\":\"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87\",\"applicationID\":\"514059305\",\"agentToken\":null,\"applicationTime\":44.692034,\"transactionName\":\"MhBSZQoZWEEDU0ZaXgtac0QLDFlfTR9BXFcRAlFDHVVSVxRVXlxBCBBeRQ==\",\"queueTime\":0,\"ttGuid\":\"07e2ab75b964e2b8\"}; (window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:[\"bam.eu01.nr-data.net\"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:\"538480682\",accountID:\"3936348\",trustKey:\"3288925\",xpid:\"Vw8EV1VXABAFVVVSAggEVlE=\",licenseKey:\"NRJS-26ae6a3b09493bbcc87\",applicationID:\"514059305\"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.281.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */\n(()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||\"object\"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||\"object\"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):\"object\"==typeof e[a]&&\"object\"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All info objects require an agent identifier!\");if(!a[e])throw new Error(\"Info for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All info objects require an agent identifier!\");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{D0:()=>p,gD:()=>m,xN:()=>g});var n=r(3333),i=r(993);const o=e=>{if(!e||\"string\"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var a=r(2614),s=r(944),c=r(384),u=r(8122);const d=\"[data-nr-mask]\",l=()=>{const e={feature_flags:[],experimental:{marks:!1,measures:!1,resources:!1},mask_selector:\"*\",block_selector:\"[data-nr-block]\",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,\"datetime-local\":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},get feature_flags(){return e.feature_flags},set feature_flags(t){e.feature_flags=t},generic_events:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},harvest:{interval:30},jserrors:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0,level:i.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},performance:{get capture_marks(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MARKS)||e.experimental.marks},set capture_marks(t){e.experimental.marks=t},get capture_measures(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.MEASURES)||e.experimental.measures},set capture_measures(t){e.experimental.measures=t},capture_detail:!0,resources:{get enabled(){return e.feature_flags.includes(n.$v.RESOURCES)||e.experimental.resources},set enabled(t){e.experimental.resources=t},asset_types:[],first_party_domains:[],ignore_newrelic:!0}},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:a.wk,inactiveMs:a.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){o(t)?e.mask_selector=\"\".concat(t,\",\").concat(d):\"\"===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,s.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return\"nr-block\"},get ignore_class(){return\"nr-ignore\"},get mask_text_class(){return\"nr-mask\"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){o(t)?e.block_selector+=\",\".concat(t):\"\"!==t&&(0,s.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&\"object\"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,s.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0,elementAttributes:[\"id\",\"className\",\"tagName\",\"type\"]}}},f={},h=\"All configuration objects require an agent identifier!\";function p(e){if(!e)throw new Error(h);if(!f[e])throw new Error(\"Configuration for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return f[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);f[e]=(0,u.a)(t,l());const r=(0,c.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=f[e])}function m(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);var r=p(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split(\".\"),i=0;i{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!\");if(!a[e])throw new Error(\"LoaderConfig for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!\");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0,harvester:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All runtime objects require an agent identifier!\");if(!d[e])throw new Error(\"Runtime for \".concat(e,\" was never set\"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(\"All runtime objects require an agent identifier!\");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],\"harvestCount\")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],\"harvestCount\",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n=\"1.281.0\",i=\"PROD\",o=\"CDN\",a=\"^2.0.0-alpha.17\"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i=\"undefined\"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o=\"undefined\"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&(\"undefined\"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||\"undefined\"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:\"undefined\"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&(\"undefined\"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||\"undefined\"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=\"complete\"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean(\"hidden\"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=\"\"+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&\"undefined\"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\\s](\\d+\\.\\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a=\"\");let[s]=o.split(\":\");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf(\"/\")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf(\"/\")&&(t=t.substring(1)),\"\"===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error(\"agentIdentifier required\");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e=\"\",t=\"feature\",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit(\"drain-\"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c=\"nr@context:\".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&\"object\"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,\"aborted\",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,\"globalEE\"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get(\"handle\");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o=\"feature\"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i=\"xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx\";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split(\"\").map((e=>\"x\"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):\"y\"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join(\"\")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n=\"NRBA\",i=\"SESSION\",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:\"session-started\",PAUSE:\"session-pause\",RESET:\"session-reset\",RESUME:\"session-resume\",UPDATE:\"session-update\"},c={SAME_TAB:\"same-tab\",CROSS_TAB:\"cross-tab\"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||\"\").indexOf(\"data:\"))return{protocol:\"data\"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(\":\")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&\"\"!==r.port||(\"http:\"===t.protocol&&(r.port=\"80\"),\"https:\"===t.protocol&&(r.port=\"443\")),r.pathname&&\"\"!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith(\"/\")||(r.pathname=\"/\".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname=\"/\",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";function n(e,t){\"function\"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug(\"New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#\".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o=\"newrelic\";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&\"object\"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit(\"rumresp\",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if(\"object\"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??\"\"}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit(\"internal-error\",[e])}catch(e){}return\"\"}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return\"undefined\"==typeof document||\"complete\"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)(\"load\",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)(\"DOMContentLoaded\",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:\"bam.nr-data.net\",errorBeacon:\"bam.nr-data.net\"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)(\"visibilitychange\",(function(){if(t)return void(\"hidden\"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u=\"addEventListener\",d=\"removeEventListener\",l=\"nr@wrapped:\".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get(\"events\")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],\"-\",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return\"getPrototypeOf\"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),c&&h(c.prototype,f),h(a.gm,f)),t.on(u+\"-start\",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&(\"function\"==typeof n||\"object\"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if(\"function\"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,\"fn-\",null,e.name||\"anonymous\"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+\"-start\",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;\"object\"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o=\"nr@original:\".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n=\"\");const a=\"-\"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{$v:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,kd:()=>c,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=[\"auxclick\",\"click\",\"copy\",\"keydown\",\"paste\",\"scrollend\"],o=[\"focus\",\"blur\"],a=4,s=1e3,c=[\"PageAction\",\"UserAction\",\"BrowserPerformance\"],u={MARKS:\"experimental.marks\",MEASURES:\"experimental.measures\",RESOURCES:\"experimental.resources\"}},6774:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:\"ERROR\",WARN:\"WARN\",INFO:\"INFO\",DEBUG:\"DEBUG\",TRACE:\"TRACE\"},o=\"log\",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,[\"API/logging/\".concat(c.toLowerCase(),\"/called\")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return\"string\"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i=\"sm\",o=\"cm\",a=\"storeSupportabilityMetrics\",s=\"storeEventMetrics\"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:\"recordReplay\",PAUSE:\"pauseReplay\",REPLAY_RUNNING:\"replayRunning\",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:\"errorDuringReplay\"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:\"Session was reset\",sm:\"Reset\"},IMPORT:{message:\"Recorder failed to import\",sm:\"Import\"},TOO_MANY:{message:\"429: Too Many Requests\",sm:\"Too-Many\"},TOO_BIG:{message:\"Payload was too large\",sm:\"Too-Big\"},CROSS_TAB:{message:\"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab\",sm:\"Cross-Tab\"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:\"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started\",sm:\"Entitlement\"}},d=5e3,l={API:\"api\"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,\"session_trace.enabled\")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,\"session_replay.preload\")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i=\"bstResource\",o=\"resource\",a=\"-start\",s=\"-end\",c=\"fn\"+a,u=\"fn\"+s,d=\"pushState\",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>c,Qu:()=>u,TZ:()=>s,ih:()=>d,pP:()=>a,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=[\"click\",\"keydown\",\"submit\",\"popstate\"],o=\"api\",a=\"initialPageLoad\",s=n.K7.softNav,c={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:\"\",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},u={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},d={IP:\"in progress\",FIN:\"finished\",CAN:\"cancelled\"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>T,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>A,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>E,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=[\"click\",\"submit\",\"keypress\",\"keydown\",\"keyup\",\"change\"],a=999,s=\"fn-start\",c=\"fn-end\",u=\"cb-start\",d=\"api-ixn-\",l=\"remaining\",f=\"interaction\",h=\"spaNode\",p=\"jsonpNode\",g=\"fetch-start\",m=\"fetch-done\",v=\"fetch-body-\",b=\"jsonp-end\",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w=\"-start\",R=\"-end\",x=\"-body\",E=\"cb\"+R,T=\"jsTime\",A=\"fetch\"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,\"privacy.cookies_enabled\")},425:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=[\"setErrorHandler\",\"finished\",\"addToTrace\",\"addRelease\",\"recordCustomEvent\",\"addPageAction\",\"setCurrentRouteName\",\"setPageViewName\",\"setCustomAttribute\",\"interaction\",\"noticeError\",\"setUserId\",\"setApplicationVersion\",\"start\",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,\"log\",\"wrapLogger\"],m=[\"setErrorHandler\",\"finished\",\"addToTrace\",\"addRelease\"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);const E=new Map;function T(e,t,r,n){if(\"object\"!=typeof t||!t||\"string\"!=typeof r||!r||\"function\"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get(\"logger\")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes;const c=t[r]?.[x.Jt]||t[r];return E.set(c,a),o.inPlace(t,[r],\"wrap-logger-\",(()=>E.get(c))),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const S={};var N=r(9417),_=r(5603),O=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith(\"http\");e+=\"/\",r.p=t?e:\"https://\"+e};let P=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:E,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();E||(x=L.init,E=L.info,j=L.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,_.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),E.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(E.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,E);const H=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),M=[E.beacon,E.errorBeacon];P||(H.proxy.assets&&(I(H.proxy.assets),M.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&M.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)(\"activatedFeatures\",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes(\"soft_nav\")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?M:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,\"api\");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get(\"tracer\");S[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{S[e]=t}));var E=\"api-\",A=E+\"ixn-\";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(E,n,!0,o||null===r?\"session\":void 0)(t,r)}function _(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/log/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/wrapLogger/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(E,e,!0,\"api\")})),g.addPageAction=I(E,\"addPageAction\",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.recordCustomEvent=I(E,\"recordCustomEvent\",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if(\"string\"==typeof t)return\"/\"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t=\"/\"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||\"http://custom.transaction\")+t,I(E,\"setPageViewName\",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if(\"string\"==typeof e){if([\"string\",\"number\",\"boolean\"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,\"setCustomAttribute\",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if(\"string\"==typeof e||null===e)return N(\"enduser.id\",e,\"setUserId\",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if(\"string\"==typeof e||null===e)return N(\"application.version\",e,\"setApplicationVersion\",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/start/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit(\"manual-start-all\")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/recordReplay/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/pauseReplay/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new _).get(\"object\"==typeof e?e:{})};const O=_.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o=\"function\"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/createTracer/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(A+\"tracer\",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?\"\":\"no-\")+\"fn-start\",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t=\"string\"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit(\"fn-err\",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit(\"fn-end\",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/\"+t+\"/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[r?(0,v.t)():performance.now(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,\"api\")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return[\"actionText\",\"setName\",\"setAttribute\",\"save\",\"ignore\",\"onEnd\",\"getContext\",\"end\",\"get\"].forEach((e=>{O[e]=I(A,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(A,\"routeName\",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(E,\"routeName\",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){\"string\"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,[\"API/noticeError/called\"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(\"err\",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!S[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),P=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return\"\"})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{\"use strict\";r.d(t,{$J:()=>u,K7:()=>s,P3:()=>c,XX:()=>i,qY:()=>n,v4:()=>a});const n=\"events\",i=\"jserrors\",o=\"browser/blobs\",a=\"rum\",s={ajax:\"ajax\",genericEvents:\"generic_events\",jserrors:i,logging:\"logging\",metrics:\"metrics\",pageAction:\"page_action\",pageViewEvent:\"page_view_event\",pageViewTiming:\"page_view_timing\",sessionReplay:\"session_replay\",sessionTrace:\"session_trace\",softNav:\"soft_navigations\",spa:\"spa\"},c={[s.pageViewEvent]:1,[s.pageViewTiming]:2,[s.metrics]:3,[s.jserrors]:4,[s.spa]:5,[s.ajax]:6,[s.sessionTrace]:7,[s.softNav]:8,[s.sessionReplay]:9,[s.logging]:10,[s.genericEvents]:11},u={[s.pageViewEvent]:a,[s.pageViewTiming]:n,[s.ajax]:n,[s.spa]:n,[s.softNav]:n,[s.metrics]:i,[s.jserrors]:i,[s.sessionTrace]:o,[s.sessionReplay]:o,[s.logging]:\"browser/logs\",[s.genericEvents]:\"ins\"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:\"nr-spa-compressor\",249:\"nr-spa-recorder\",478:\"nr-spa\"}[e]+\"-1.281.0.min.js\"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t=\"NRBA-1.281.0.PROD:\",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName(\"script\"),d=0;d{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:\"timeout\",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{\"undefined\"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:\"Module\"}),Object.defineProperty(e,\"__esModule\",{value:!0})},i.p=\"https://js-agent.newrelic.com/\",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&(\"load\"===r.type?\"missing\":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message=\"Loading chunk \"+t+\" failed.\\n(\"+o+\": \"+a+\")\",s.name=\"ChunkLoadError\",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),\"chunk-\"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u{\"use strict\";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(){this.agentIdentifier=(0,r.LA)(16)}#e(t,...r){if(\"function\"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e(\"addPageAction\",e,t)}recordCustomEvent(e,t){return this.#e(\"recordCustomEvent\",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e(\"setPageViewName\",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e(\"setCustomAttribute\",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e(\"noticeError\",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e(\"setUserId\",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e(\"setApplicationVersion\",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e(\"setErrorHandler\",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e(\"addRelease\",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e(\"log\",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if(\"function\"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e(\"start\")}finished(e){return this.#e(\"finished\",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e(\"addToTrace\",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e(\"setCurrentRouteName\",e)}interaction(){return this.#e(\"interaction\")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e(\"wrapLogger\",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,\"\".concat(e,\".enabled\"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on(\"manual-start-all\",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit(\"internal-error\",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,\"aggregate\");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),t.runtime.harvester.initializedAggregates.push(this.featAggregate),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),E=i(2843),T=i(3878),A=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=A.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,A.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,x.p)(\"docHidden\",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,A.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,T.sp)(\"pagehide\",(()=>(0,x.p)(\"winPagehide\",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,A.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var _=i(3969);class O extends b{static featureName=_.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name=\"UncaughtError\",this.message=\"string\"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t=\"Unhandled Promise Rejection\";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+\": \"+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+\": \"+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class M extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on(\"internal-error\",((e,t)=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)(\"ierr\",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r,t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener(\"unhandledrejection\",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)(\"err\",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,T.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener(\"error\",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)(\"err\",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,T.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var D=i(8990);let K=1;const U=\"nr@id\";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||\"object\"!==t&&\"function\"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,D.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if(\"string\"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if(\"object\"==typeof e){if(\"undefined\"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if(\"undefined\"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!(\"undefined\"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=[\"open\",\"send\"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"xhr\")}(r);if(void 0===p.gm.XMLHttpRequest)return n;if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u=\"readystatechange\",d=[\"onload\",\"onerror\",\"onabort\",\"onloadstart\",\"onloadend\",\"onprogress\",\"ontimeout\"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit(\"new-xhr\",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit(\"xhr-resolved\",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,\"fn-\",y)}),(0,T.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit(\"internal-error\",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,[\"onreadystatechange\"],\"fn-\",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,\"-xhr-\",y),n.on(\"send-xhr-start\",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on(\"open-xhr-start\",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on(\"fn-end\",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,\"fetch\",Y),t.on(Y+\"end\",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get(\"content-length\");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+\"done\",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+\"done\",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||\"\").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||\"\").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||\"\").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return\"00-\"+t+\"-\"+e+\"-01\"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+\"@nr=0-1-\"+r+\"-\"+n+\"-\"+e+\"----\"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!(\"function\"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:\"Browser\",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,\"distributed_tracing\")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:\"xhr\",fetch:\"fetch\",beacon:\"beacon\"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType(\"resource\").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler(\"xhr\",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener(\"load\",(function(r){E(t,e)}),(0,T.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener(\"progress\",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,T.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader(\"X-NewRelic-ID\",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader(\"newrelic\",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader(\"traceparent\",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader(\"tracestate\",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{\"abort\"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),(\"load\"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||\"function\"!=typeof r.onload)&&\"function\"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit(\"internal-error\",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set(\"newrelic\",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set(\"traceparent\",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set(\"tracestate\",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;\"string\"==typeof i?r=i:\"object\"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&\"object\"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(\"\"+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||\"GET\")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,\"string\"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r(\"xhr\",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,\"fetch\"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var _e=i(2614);class Oe extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(\"\".concat(_e.H3,\"_\").concat(_e.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on(\"err\",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===_e.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee,agentRef:this.#o}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(_e.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=_e.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==_e.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=_e.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,T.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)(\"newURL\",[(0,S.t)(),\"\"+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on(\"pushState-end\",n),r.on(\"replaceState-end\",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,T.sp)(\"popstate\",(e=>(0,x.p)(\"newURL\",[e.timeStamp,\"\"+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)(\"newDom\",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)(\"newUIEvent\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var je=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=[\"appendChild\",\"insertBefore\",\"replaceChild\"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"jsonp\")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\\w+)(\\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,\"dom-\"),t.on(\"dom-start\",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||\"string\"!=typeof e.nodeName||\"script\"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if(\"function\"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if(\"function\"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit(\"jsonp-end\",[],d),e.removeEventListener(\"load\",l,(0,T.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener(\"error\",f,(0,T.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit(\"jsonp-error\",[],d),t.emit(\"jsonp-end\",[],d),e.removeEventListener(\"load\",l,(0,T.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener(\"error\",f,(0,T.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],\"cb-\",d),e.addEventListener(\"load\",l,(0,T.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener(\"error\",f,(0,T.jT)(!1)),t.emit(\"new-jsonp\",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function Me(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"promise\")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,\"executor-\",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,\"name\",{value:\"Promise\"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),[\"all\",\"race\"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a(\"all\"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit(\"propagate\",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),[\"resolve\",\"reject\"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit(\"propagate\",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],\"cb-\",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],\"cb-\",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit(\"propagate\",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on(\"executor-start\",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],\"resolve-\",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],\"resolve-\",this,null,!1)})),t.on(\"executor-err\",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on(\"cb-end\",(function(e,r,n){t.emit(\"propagate\",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on(\"propagate\",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const De={},Ke=\"setTimeout\",Ue=\"setInterval\",Ve=\"clearTimeout\",Ge=\"-start\",Fe=[Ke,\"setImmediate\",Ue,Ve,\"clearImmediate\"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"timer\")}(e);if(De[t.debugId]++)return t;De[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+\"-\"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+\"-\"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+\"-\"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],\"fn-\",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],\"fn-\",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get(\"mutation\")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,\"fn-\")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:$e,e5:Je,tH:Qe,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=je;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get(\"tracer\"),o=Le(this.ee),a=Me(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get(\"events\"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit(\"newURL\",[\"\"+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Je]=~~this[Je]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on($e,m),o.on($e,m),this.ee.on(\"fn-err\",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)(\"function-err\",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,\"xhr-resolved\"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer([\"setTimeout\"+Ye,\"clearTimeout\"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,\"new-xhr\",\"send-xhr\"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([Qe+Ze,Qe+\"-done\",Qe+Xe+Ze,Qe+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer([\"newURL\"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer([\"propagate\",tt,$e,\"executor-err\",\"resolve\"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,\"no-\"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer([\"new-jsonp\",\"cb-start\",\"jsonp-error\",\"jsonp-end\"],this.featureName),v(d,Qe+Ze),v(d,Qe+\"-done\"),v(o,\"new-jsonp\"),v(o,\"jsonp-end\"),v(o,\"cb-start\"),l.on(\"pushState-end\",h),l.on(\"replaceState-end\",h),window.addEventListener(\"hashchange\",h,(0,T.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener(\"load\",h,(0,T.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener(\"popstate\",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,T.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled,e.init.performance.resources.enabled];if(p.RI&&(e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,T.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)(\"ua\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>{const t=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)(\"ua\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),500,{leading:!0});(0,T.sp)(e,t)}))),e.init.performance.resources.enabled&&p.gm.PerformanceObserver?.supportedEntryTypes.includes(\"resource\"))){new PerformanceObserver((e=>{e.getEntries().forEach((e=>{(0,x.p)(\"browserPerformance.resource\",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}))})).observe({type:\"resource\",buffered:!0})}r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on(\"wrap-logger-end\",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t){super(),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||\"agent\"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,Oe,O,M,ot,ct,Pe,nt],loaderType:\"spa\"})})()})();","google","testAutomationFlags",{"_765":24,"_766":24,"_767":24,"_768":24,"_769":24,"_770":24,"_771":24,"_772":24,"_773":24,"_32":24,"_774":24,"_775":171,"_776":171},"disableAds","disableIirisAuth","disableWelcomeAd","disableBigskyAd","disableIirisRecommend","disableDcts","disableWeatherWidget","disableCashGrainWidget","disableCommoditiesWidget","disableCookieBanner","overrideBrandStyling","overrideThemeStyling","configState",{"_54":55,"_52":53,"_779":8,"_780":-7,"_781":24,"_701":782,"_786":787,"_789":790,"_804":805},"uiBrand","colors","isMarketsDivision",{"_7":783,"_784":785},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt06f49c53183e1192/65def48d237abe040a0cdb1b/Placeholder_Image.svg","contributor","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltae99c6600909049d/6582ebe1e746c5040a189f2b/theme1_placeholder_avatar.png","media",{"_788":171},"brightcoveAccountId","newsletterSignupPromo",{"_791":792,"_793":794},"unbounceURL","https://itp-resources.itprotoday.com/c/pubRD.mpl?secure=1&sr=pp&_t=pp:&qf=w_itpb86&ch=itpsitebtn","elnConfig",{"_795":796},"newsletter",{"_797":798,"_802":803},"subscribeForm",{"_115":799,"_800":801},"Subscribe to Our Newsletters","subtitle","Subtitle","subscribeConfirm",{"_115":799,"_800":801},"proxyConfigs",{"_806":24,"_807":171},"proxyEnabled","proxyRootPath","brandConfig",{"_13":14,"_810":14,"_811":10,"_812":813,"_15":16,"_33":34,"_814":815,"_38":816,"_825":826,"_788":171,"_43":44,"_50":831,"_832":833,"_837":794,"_728":757,"_838":839,"_867":868},"siteFullName","siteUrl","siteDivision","Informa Tech","authentication",{},{"_817":818,"_820":821,"_822":823,"_63":824},"local",{"_40":819},"dfd08c13-c8cf-43d1-8ccc-a1ca99dc6d5e-test","preview",{"_40":819},"staging",{"_40":41},{"_40":41},"unbounce",{"_817":827,"_820":828,"_822":829,"_63":830},{},{},{},{},{"_7":8,"_52":53,"_54":55},"newsletterSignupPromoContent",{"_115":799,"_834":171,"_835":836},"message","buttonText","Sign Me Up","eln","iirisRecommendation",{"_840":841,"_842":843,"_844":845,"_846":847,"_848":171,"_849":171,"_850":851,"_852":853,"_854":855,"_856":192,"_857":858,"_859":860,"_861":862,"_863":864,"_865":866,"_7":8},"id","widget-1717150909887","division","it","brandFamily","enterpriseit","entityTagBackground","#333333BF","showBy","showTime","borderRadius","4","imageWidth","324","imageHeight","182","imagePosition","dropShadow","#FFEB00","entityTagBorderColor","#333333","borderColor","#e6e6e6","redirectMode","same","recipe","related-items","articleSocialShareToggle",{"_869":26,"_870":26,"_871":26},"print","email","reddit","routes/$topic._index",{"_874":875,"_1465":1466,"_1470":1471,"_1485":1486,"_88":1496,"_1497":1496,"_1498":-7},"template",{"_115":876,"_877":878,"_883":171,"_189":45,"_884":885,"_889":890,"_898":899,"_904":905,"_1264":1265},"Software Development","categories",[879,880,881,882],{"_115":440,"_59":441},{"_115":363,"_59":364},{"_115":444,"_59":445},{"_115":447,"_59":448},"categoryDesc","breadcrumbs",[886,888],{"_59":887,"_115":739},"/",{"_115":876,"_59":436},"newsletterSignUpPromo",{"_115":891,"_834":892,"_893":894,"_835":895,"_189":192,"_896":897},"Sign up for the ITPro Today newsletter","Stay on top of the IT universe with commentary, news analysis, how-to's, and tips delivered to your inbox daily.","newsletterId","blt96562e27e259477c","Newsletter Sign-Up","mode","dark","pagination",{"_900":901,"_902":903},"totalCount",49,"currentPage",46,"contents",[906,925,936,949,960,971,982,991,1000,1008,1019,1030,1043,1054,1067,1075,1084,1092,1105,1116,1127,1138,1147,1156,1166,1177,1185,1192,1203,1212,1221,1230,1239,1247,1256],{"_177":178,"_157":907,"_179":909,"_163":914,"_165":914,"_168":915,"_916":917,"_170":171,"_172":918,"_174":171,"_166":919,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},"ITPro Today logo",[910],{"_57":911,"_183":912,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Paul Thurrott","/author/paul-thurrott","role","Winternals Software Offers Nimda Solution","/software-development/winternals-software-offers-nimda-solution","linkAttrs",{},"Sep 24, 2001","To aid in the effort of removing Nimda, Winternals Software is offering a utility that will help eliminate the Nimda virus/worm on Windows 2000/NT systems without requiring the system to be wiped out first","articleBodyJsonSummary","normal","paidGating","articleSize","big",{"_177":178,"_157":926,"_179":927,"_163":931,"_165":931,"_168":932,"_916":933,"_170":171,"_172":934,"_174":171,"_166":935,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[928],{"_57":14,"_183":929,"_185":930,"_913":171},"/author/it-pro-today","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt4cc8025f87b35f78/6647125c6e488f989a4ccdc7/ITP_ContributorPlaceholder.png","EMC Announces New Systems and Software","/software-development/emc-announces-new-systems-and-software",{},"Sep 23, 2001","EMC announced a new Symmetrix lineup that includes the Symmetrix 8230, with as much as 4.3TB of storage; the Symmetrix 8530 (17.3TB); and Symmetrix 8830 (69.5TB).",{"_177":178,"_157":937,"_179":938,"_163":942,"_165":942,"_168":943,"_916":944,"_170":171,"_172":945,"_174":171,"_166":946,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":947,"_176":948,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[939],{"_57":940,"_183":941,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Rich Rollman","/author/rich-rollman","Using Java to Retrieve XML from SQL Server","/java/using-java-to-retrieve-xml-from-sql-server",{},"Sep 18, 2001","Rich Rollman describes how to use JDBC to retrieve XML results from SQL Server 2000.","Java","/software-development/programming-languages/java",{"_177":178,"_157":950,"_179":951,"_163":955,"_165":955,"_168":956,"_916":957,"_170":171,"_172":958,"_174":171,"_166":959,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[952],{"_57":953,"_183":954,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Tim Huckaby","/author/tim-huckaby","Software Firewalls","/software-development/software-firewalls",{},"Sep 16, 2001","Software firewalls offer more options but are more complex than hardware router security setups.",{"_177":178,"_157":961,"_179":962,"_163":966,"_165":966,"_168":967,"_916":968,"_170":171,"_172":969,"_174":171,"_166":970,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[963],{"_57":964,"_183":965,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Christa Anderson","/author/christa-anderson","Software, Hardware Manufacturers Adapt Products for Flexible Computing","/software-development/software-hardware-manufacturers-adapt-products-for-flexible-computing",{},"Sep 11, 2001","Now that terminal services is growing in popularity, application vendors have started to make sure that their applications work with Windows 2000 Server Terminal Services.",{"_177":178,"_157":972,"_179":973,"_163":978,"_165":978,"_168":979,"_916":980,"_170":171,"_172":981,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[974],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"John Savill","/author/john-savill","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt7ef56baa97a69d9b/66e9d74d63426053def3e411/Green_(1).png","How do I toggle Windows XP's new menu mode and Classic Start menu mode?","/programming-languages/how-do-i-toggle-windows-xp-s-new-menu-mode-and-classic-start-menu-mode-",{},"Aug 8, 2001",{"_177":178,"_157":983,"_179":984,"_163":986,"_165":986,"_168":987,"_916":988,"_170":171,"_172":989,"_174":171,"_166":990,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[985],{"_57":14,"_183":929,"_185":930,"_913":171},"GFi Offers LANguard Networks Scanner as Freeware","/programming-languages/gfi-offers-languard-networks-scanner-as-freeware",{},"Aug 7, 2001","UK-based GFi now offers version 1.25 of its LANguard Network Scanner as freeware. In addition to looking from within a network's borders, LANguard Network Scanner can analyze a network's security from outside the network--looking in.",{"_177":178,"_157":992,"_179":993,"_163":995,"_165":995,"_168":996,"_916":997,"_170":171,"_172":998,"_174":171,"_166":999,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[994],{"_57":953,"_183":954,"_185":171,"_913":171},"IIS 6.0 Overview, Part Two","/programming-languages/iis-6-0-overview-part-two",{},"Jul 16, 2001","Tim Huckaby introduces you to IIS 6.0's architecture, performance and scalability, and new administrative and management features.",{"_177":178,"_157":1001,"_179":1002,"_163":1004,"_165":1004,"_168":1005,"_916":1006,"_170":171,"_172":1007,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1003],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"Q: How can I prevent users from using a non-bitmapped wallpaper?","/programming-languages/q-how-can-i-prevent-users-from-using-a-non-bitmapped-wallpaper-",{},"Jul 3, 2001",{"_177":178,"_157":1009,"_179":1010,"_163":1014,"_165":1014,"_168":1015,"_916":1016,"_170":171,"_172":1017,"_174":171,"_166":1018,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1011],{"_57":1012,"_183":1013,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Michael Otey","/author/michael-otey","VB 6.0 vs. VB.NET","/programming-languages/vb-6-0-vs-vb-net",{},"Jun 19, 2001","Is Visual Basic .NET simply a much-needed evolutionary step for VB or a completely new language?",{"_177":178,"_157":1020,"_179":1021,"_163":1025,"_165":1025,"_168":1026,"_916":1027,"_170":171,"_172":1028,"_174":171,"_166":1029,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":440,"_176":441,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1022],{"_57":1023,"_183":1024,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Douglas Toombs","/author/douglas-toombs","Superior RIS: Deploying Alternative OSs","/cloud-native/superior-ris-deploying-alternative-oss",{},"Jun 12, 2001","A free utility from 3Com lets you make any bootable disk routine a RIS Cient Installation Wizard menu option.",{"_177":178,"_157":1031,"_179":1032,"_163":1036,"_165":1036,"_168":1037,"_916":1038,"_170":171,"_172":1039,"_174":171,"_166":1040,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1041,"_176":1042,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1033],{"_57":1034,"_183":1035,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Michelle A. Poolet","/author/michelle-a-poolet","Metamodel for Product Assembly","/other-programming-languages/metamodel-for-product-assembly",{},"May 22, 2001","Extend the retail-sale metamodel to include product-assembly relationships.","Other Programming Languages","/software-development/programming-languages/other-programming-languages",{"_177":178,"_157":1044,"_179":1045,"_163":1049,"_165":1049,"_168":1050,"_916":1051,"_170":171,"_172":1052,"_174":171,"_166":1053,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1041,"_176":1042,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1046],{"_57":1047,"_183":1048,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Gail Fitzmaurice","/author/gail-fitzmaurice","XHTML: A Universal and Mobile Markup Language","/other-programming-languages/xhtml-a-universal-and-mobile-markup-language",{},"Apr 30, 2001","A global standard that will support both WAP and iMODE might lead to one markup language--eXtensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML)--for all mobile devices and PCs.",{"_177":178,"_157":1055,"_179":1056,"_163":1060,"_165":1060,"_168":1061,"_916":1062,"_170":171,"_172":1063,"_174":171,"_166":1064,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1065,"_176":1066,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1057],{"_57":1058,"_183":1059,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Greg Ritchie","/author/greg-ritchie","PHP Scripting for IIS Administrators and Developers","/php/php-scripting-for-iis-administrators-and-developers",{},"Apr 16, 2001","Discover an open-source alternative to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP).","PHP","/software-development/programming-languages/php",{"_177":178,"_157":1068,"_179":1069,"_163":1071,"_165":1071,"_168":1072,"_916":1073,"_170":171,"_172":1074,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1070],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"What is Windows skinning/styles?","/programming-languages/what-is-windows-skinning-styles-",{},"Apr 9, 2001",{"_177":178,"_157":1076,"_179":1077,"_163":1079,"_165":1079,"_168":1080,"_916":1081,"_170":171,"_172":1082,"_174":171,"_166":1083,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1078],{"_57":911,"_183":912,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Germany and Executive Software in Battle over Win2K Utility","/software-development/germany-and-executive-software-in-battle-over-win2k-utility",{},"Mar 18, 2001","Microsoft has become embroiled in the bitter relations between the German government and the Church of Scientology.",{"_177":178,"_157":1085,"_179":1086,"_163":1088,"_165":1088,"_168":1089,"_916":1090,"_170":171,"_172":1082,"_174":171,"_166":1091,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1087],{"_57":14,"_183":929,"_185":930,"_913":171},"German Military to Replace Microsoft Software","/software-development/german-military-to-replace-microsoft-software",{},"Germany's military, Bundeswehr, said it plans to remove all Microsoft software from its systems and replace it software developed by Siemens and Duetsche Telecom.",{"_177":178,"_157":1093,"_179":1094,"_163":1098,"_165":1098,"_168":1099,"_916":1100,"_170":171,"_172":1101,"_174":171,"_166":1102,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1103,"_176":1104,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1095],{"_57":1096,"_183":1097,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Dino Esposito","/author/dino-esposito","Uncovering .NET's C#","/c-programming-language/uncovering-net-s-c-",{},"Feb 28, 2001","Columnist Dino Esposito discusses C#, the language that he calls the basis of the entire .NET platform.","C/C++/C#","/software-development/programming-languages/c-programming-language",{"_177":178,"_157":1106,"_179":1107,"_163":1111,"_165":1111,"_168":1112,"_916":1113,"_170":171,"_172":1114,"_174":171,"_166":1115,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1108],{"_57":1109,"_183":1110,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Dick Lewis","/author/dick-lewis","Real-World Scripting: Data Migration with Robocopy, Part 1","/programming-languages/real-world-scripting-data-migration-with-robocopy-part-1",{},"Feb 25, 2001","When a script is to perform a major IT undertaking such as data migration, you need to write a script that not only performs the task but also minimizes associated risks and downtime. This two-part series shows you how to write such a script.",{"_177":178,"_157":1117,"_179":1118,"_163":1122,"_165":1122,"_168":1123,"_916":1124,"_170":171,"_172":1125,"_174":171,"_166":1126,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1119],{"_57":1120,"_183":1121,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Readers","/author/readers","VBScript That Datastamps Log Files","/programming-languages/vbscript-that-datastamps-log-files",{},"Feb 13, 2001","See how one reader renames a file by date when handling accumulative log files.",{"_177":178,"_157":1128,"_179":1129,"_163":1133,"_165":1133,"_168":1134,"_916":1135,"_170":171,"_172":1136,"_174":171,"_166":1137,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1130],{"_57":1131,"_183":1132,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Dwight Dexter","/author/dwight-dexter","Investing in XML","/programming-languages/investing-in-xml",{},"Feb 12, 2001","Learn about eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), a new standard that will provide an XML-based framework for creating, exchanging, and analyzing financial reporting information.",{"_177":178,"_157":1139,"_179":1140,"_163":1142,"_165":1142,"_168":1143,"_916":1144,"_170":171,"_172":1145,"_174":171,"_166":1146,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1141],{"_57":1096,"_183":1097,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Putting XPath into Perspective","/programming-languages/putting-xpath-into-perspective",{},"Jan 29, 2001","Explore the basics of XPath, a query language for addressing, sorting, and filtering the elements and the text of an XML document.",{"_177":178,"_157":1148,"_179":1149,"_163":1151,"_165":1151,"_168":1152,"_916":1153,"_170":171,"_172":1154,"_174":171,"_166":1155,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":947,"_176":948,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1150],{"_57":911,"_183":912,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Microsoft, Sun Settle Java Lawsuit","/java/microsoft-sun-settle-java-lawsuit",{},"Jan 23, 2001","Late yesterday, Microsoft and Sun Microsystems reached an agreement that ended a 3-year-old Java licensing lawsuit. Under terms of the agreement, Microsoft will pay Sun $20 million and be barred from using Sun's Java Compatible trademark.",{"_177":178,"_157":1157,"_179":1158,"_163":1162,"_165":1162,"_168":1163,"_916":1164,"_170":171,"_172":1154,"_174":171,"_166":1165,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":947,"_176":948,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1159],{"_57":1160,"_183":1161,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Steve Manzuik","/author/steve-manzuik","AOL Instant Messenger May Run Java or VBScript","/java/aol-instant-messenger-may-run-java-or-vbscript",{},"A vulnerability in the current versions of AOL Instant Messenger has been discovered that lets a malicious user launch harmful Java or VBScript code.",{"_177":178,"_157":1167,"_179":1168,"_163":1172,"_165":1172,"_168":1173,"_916":1174,"_170":171,"_172":1175,"_174":171,"_166":1176,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1169],{"_57":1170,"_183":1171,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Renee Long","/author/renee-long","An XML Approach to Creating a Navigation Bar","/programming-languages/an-xml-approach-to-creating-a-navigation-bar",{},"Jan 17, 2001","Learn how to create a navigation bar using XML and Extensible Style Language (XSL).",{"_177":178,"_157":1178,"_179":1179,"_163":1181,"_165":1181,"_168":1182,"_916":1183,"_170":171,"_172":1184,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1180],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"How can I configure my system so that the OS version displays on the desktop?","/programming-languages/how-can-i-configure-my-system-so-that-the-os-version-displays-on-the-desktop-",{},"Jan 7, 2001",{"_177":178,"_157":1186,"_179":1187,"_163":1189,"_165":1189,"_168":1190,"_916":1191,"_170":171,"_172":1184,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1188],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"Where are the Active Desktop background image settings located in the registry?","/programming-languages/where-are-the-active-desktop-background-image-settings-located-in-the-registry-",{},{"_177":178,"_157":1193,"_179":1194,"_163":1198,"_165":1198,"_168":1199,"_916":1200,"_170":171,"_172":1201,"_174":171,"_166":1202,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":947,"_176":948,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1195],{"_57":1196,"_183":1197,"_185":171,"_913":171},"David Carroll","/author/david-carroll","The Java ICA Client and Drive Mapping","/java/the-java-ica-client-and-drive-mapping",{},"Jan 2, 2001","In this issue of Get the Skinny, David Carroll explains how to install the Citrix Java ICA client and map drives.",{"_177":178,"_157":1204,"_179":1205,"_163":1207,"_165":1207,"_168":1208,"_916":1209,"_170":171,"_172":1210,"_174":171,"_166":1211,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1103,"_176":1104,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1206],{"_57":1012,"_183":1013,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Microsoft’s Sour Note","/c-programming-language/microsoft-s-sour-note",{},"Nov 26, 2000","Microsoft’s C# development language seems to bring no technological advantages over Sun Microsystems’ Java.",{"_177":178,"_157":1213,"_179":1214,"_163":1216,"_165":1216,"_168":1217,"_916":1218,"_170":171,"_172":1219,"_174":171,"_166":1220,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":876,"_176":436,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1215],{"_57":14,"_183":929,"_185":930,"_913":171},"Which Software Can Help Monitor Event Logs?","/software-development/which-software-can-help-monitor-event-logs-",{},"Oct 30, 2000","This week's tip is based on a message Bob Free posted to our HowTo for Security mailing list. Learn more about the mailing list by visiting the Web site.http://63.88.172.96/go/loader.asp?id=/security/howto-faq.htm",{"_177":178,"_157":1222,"_179":1223,"_163":1225,"_165":1225,"_168":1226,"_916":1227,"_170":171,"_172":1228,"_174":171,"_166":1229,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1103,"_176":1104,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1224],{"_57":1012,"_183":1013,"_185":171,"_913":171},"In Tune with C#","/c-programming-language/in-tune-with-c-",{},"Oct 18, 2000","Microsoft's new C# language combines Visual Basic's ease of use with Visual C++'s power and flexibility.",{"_177":178,"_157":1231,"_179":1232,"_163":1234,"_165":1234,"_168":1235,"_916":1236,"_170":171,"_172":1237,"_174":171,"_166":1238,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1233],{"_57":911,"_183":912,"_185":171,"_913":171},"Following Up on the Corel/Microsoft Deal and a Look at Norton Ghost","/programming-languages/following-up-on-the-corel-microsoft-deal-and-a-look-at-norton-ghost",{},"Oct 16, 2000","Paul Thurrott reviews the Corel/Microsoft deal in depth--especially the high price Corel paid to remain in business. Also, he describes installing Norton Ghost to back up his system.",{"_177":178,"_157":1240,"_179":1241,"_163":1243,"_165":1243,"_168":1244,"_916":1245,"_170":171,"_172":1246,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1242],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"Where in the registry is the language setting for each user stored?","/programming-languages/where-in-the-registry-is-the-language-setting-for-each-user-stored-",{},"Oct 8, 2000",{"_177":178,"_157":1248,"_179":1249,"_163":1251,"_165":1251,"_168":1252,"_916":1253,"_170":171,"_172":1254,"_174":171,"_166":1255,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":1041,"_176":1042,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1250],{"_57":1034,"_183":1035,"_185":171,"_913":171},"The SQLmag Database DDL Script File","/other-programming-languages/the-sqlmag-database-ddl-script-file",{},"Sep 20, 2000","Download this Data Definition Language (DDL) script to create the SQLmag database that Michelle A. Poolet uses in her October Solutions by Design article.",{"_177":178,"_157":1257,"_179":1258,"_163":1260,"_165":1260,"_168":1261,"_916":1262,"_170":171,"_172":1263,"_174":171,"_166":171,"_920":171,"_189":921,"_175":363,"_176":364,"_187":328,"_922":-5,"_923":924},{"_159":171,"_161":908},[1259],{"_57":975,"_183":976,"_185":977,"_913":171},"How do I switch between single- and double-click?","/programming-languages/how-do-i-switch-between-single-and-double-click-",{},"Sep 8, 2000","sidebarModules",[1266,1339,1377,1423,1430],{"_88":1267,"_1268":1269,"_1336":1337},"module_content_cards","data",{"_115":1270,"_1271":1270,"_189":1272,"_904":1273,"_1332":1333,"_1334":1333,"_1335":-7},"Editor's Choice","moduleLabel","default",[1274,1295,1300,1316,1329],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1276},"contentPreview",{"_177":178,"_189":1277,"_157":1278,"_163":1281,"_165":1281,"_168":1282,"_170":1282,"_916":1283,"_172":1284,"_174":171,"_175":1285,"_176":331,"_179":1286,"_187":398,"_922":1291},"card-horizontal",{"_159":1279,"_161":1280},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blted009d53042b6a96/673dc873f59c3326ad835a0e/jobs-key-1716x965_-_2024-08-21.jpg","jobs key on keyboard","IT Jobs Outlook 2025: Evolving Skills, AI, Workplace Flexibility Will Shape IT Workforce","/career-management/it-jobs-outlook-2025-evolving-skills-ai-workplace-flexibility-will-shape-it-workforce",{},"Nov 20, 2024","Career Management",[1287],{"_57":1288,"_183":1289,"_185":1290},"Nathan Eddy","/author/nathan-eddy","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltd76bf4740a6e8198/6658946837ce132abb475f63/nathan-eddy-pic.webp",{"_1292":24,"_1293":1294},"paidContent","paidProductTaxonomy",[],{"_88":1296,"_1268":1297},"ad",{"_1298":1299},"pos","native_right_1v",{"_88":1275,"_1268":1301},{"_177":178,"_189":1277,"_157":1302,"_163":1305,"_165":1306,"_168":1307,"_170":1307,"_916":1308,"_172":1309,"_174":171,"_175":1310,"_176":1311,"_179":1312,"_187":275,"_922":1314},{"_159":1303,"_161":1304},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt8e3cff5562b9ae01/67462526b7779a7c7bca6346/green_IT_sustainability_hero.gif","an it pro is disappointed as a poster for sustainability is switched with one for financial results and garbage piles up next to a recycling bin","How Do I Advocate for Green IT Without Being Dismissed as a Lorax?","How Do I Advocate for Green IT Without Being Dismissed as a Lorax? ","/green-it/how-do-i-advocate-for-green-it-without-being-dismissed-as-a-lorax-",{},"Nov 27, 2024","Green IT","/it-management/it-sustainability/green-it",[1313],{"_57":353,"_183":354,"_185":355},{"_1292":24,"_1293":1315},[],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1317},{"_177":178,"_189":1277,"_157":1318,"_163":1321,"_165":1321,"_168":1322,"_170":1322,"_916":1323,"_172":1324,"_174":171,"_175":282,"_176":283,"_179":1325,"_187":207,"_922":1327},{"_159":1319,"_161":1320},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/blt169bb0721a0b9a6d/67401d99c70a870d4f57da8d/Ubuntu-1716x965_-_2024-11-22.jpg","person using a laptop with the Ubuntu logo on its scree","3 Simple Ways to Install and Run a Virtual Machine on Ubuntu","/it-operations/3-simple-ways-to-install-and-run-a-virtual-machine-on-ubuntu",{},"Nov 22, 2024",[1326],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},{"_1292":24,"_1293":1328},[],{"_88":1296,"_1268":1330},{"_1298":1331},"native_right_2v","dateDisplay","show","contributorDisplay","displayAd","adConfig",{"_1338":26},"nativeAdOption",{"_88":1340,"_1268":1341},"module_link_list",{"_1342":1343,"_1344":1345,"_1346":1347,"_1348":171,"_1349":1350,"_703":24,"_1354":1355},"listOption","Dynamic","listTitle","Exclusive ITPro Resources","icon","Document","externalFeed","ctaButton",{"_1351":559,"_1352":1353},"ctaButtonLink","ctaButtonText","See all ITPro Resources","articles",[1356,1365,1369,1373],{"_177":1347,"_115":1357,"_59":1358,"_1359":24,"_1360":1361,"_1362":1363,"_1364":171,"_174":171},"ITPro Today’s 2024 State of DevOps Report","/devops/itpro-today-s-2024-state-of-devops-report","isExternalLink","readTime",2,"publishedDate","2024-12-16T13:00:00.000Z","eventDate",{"_177":1347,"_115":1366,"_59":1367,"_1359":24,"_1360":328,"_1362":1368,"_1364":171,"_174":171},"BCDR Basics: A Quick Reference Guide for Business Continuity & Disaster Recovery","/disaster-recovery/bcdr-basics-a-quick-reference-guide-for-business-continuity-disaster-recovery","2024-10-10T15:22:31.000Z",{"_177":1347,"_115":1370,"_59":1371,"_1359":24,"_1360":328,"_1362":1372,"_1364":171,"_174":171},"ITPro Today’s 2024 IT Priorities Report","/career-management/itpro-today-s-2024-it-priorities-report","2024-09-25T10:00:00.000Z",{"_177":1347,"_115":1374,"_59":1375,"_1359":24,"_1360":328,"_1362":1376,"_1364":171,"_174":171},"Tech Careers: Quick Reference Guide to IT Job Titles","/career-management/tech-careers-quick-reference-guide-to-it-job-titles","2024-09-13T10:45:00.000Z",{"_88":1267,"_1268":1378,"_1336":1422},{"_115":1379,"_1271":1380,"_189":1272,"_904":1381,"_1332":1421,"_1334":1421,"_1335":-7},"Technical Explainers","Featured Technical Explainers",[1382,1395,1408],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1383},{"_177":178,"_189":1277,"_157":1384,"_163":1387,"_165":1387,"_168":1388,"_170":1388,"_916":1389,"_172":1390,"_174":171,"_175":201,"_176":136,"_179":1391,"_187":188,"_922":1393},{"_159":1385,"_161":1386},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltfec5fcbd31c7f2a6/673b100cd675084d0707e288/AI-chip-1716x965_-_2024-11-18.jpg","AI chip","Cloud vs. On-Prem AI Accelerators: Choosing the Best Fit for Your AI Workloads","/cloud-computing/cloud-vs-on-prem-ai-accelerators-choosing-the-best-fit-for-your-ai-workloads",{},"Nov 18, 2024",[1392],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},{"_1292":24,"_1293":1394},[],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1396},{"_177":178,"_189":1277,"_157":1397,"_163":1400,"_165":1400,"_168":1401,"_170":1401,"_916":1402,"_172":1403,"_174":171,"_175":201,"_176":136,"_179":1404,"_187":207,"_922":1406},{"_159":1398,"_161":1399},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltd277e0c4548d3c42/673278ac8d8bc463268a48b4/SaaS-1716x965_-_2024-11-11.jpg","SaaS concept on a tablet","Why SaaS Backup Matters: Protecting Data Beyond Vendor Guarantees","/cloud-computing/why-saas-backup-matters-protecting-data-beyond-vendor-guarantees",{},"Nov 12, 2024",[1405],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},{"_1292":24,"_1293":1407},[],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1409},{"_177":178,"_189":1277,"_157":1410,"_163":1413,"_165":1413,"_168":1414,"_170":1414,"_916":1415,"_172":1416,"_174":171,"_175":285,"_176":286,"_179":1417,"_187":188,"_922":1419},{"_159":1411,"_161":1412},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltdf272a7a39b366c2/672b48253c936766d5282090/DevOps-code-1716x965_-_2024-09-06.jpg","DevOps logo on top of code","DevOps: Key to Faster, More Efficient Government Software Development","/devops/devops-key-to-faster-more-efficient-government-software-development",{},"Nov 6, 2024",[1418],{"_57":182,"_183":184,"_185":186},{"_1292":24,"_1293":1420},[],"hide",{"_1338":24},{"_88":1424,"_1425":894,"_1268":1426},"module_newsletter_promo","uid",{"_115":891,"_834":892,"_893":894,"_835":895,"_189":192,"_896":897,"_1427":24,"_1428":1429},"isOnHomepage","moduleLocation","sidebar",{"_88":1267,"_1268":1431,"_1336":1464},{"_115":1432,"_1271":1433,"_189":1434,"_904":1435,"_1332":1421,"_1334":1421,"_1335":-7},"What Is","Recent What Is","column",[1436,1451],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1437},{"_177":1347,"_189":190,"_157":1438,"_163":1366,"_165":1441,"_168":1367,"_170":1367,"_916":1442,"_172":1443,"_174":171,"_175":381,"_176":382,"_179":1444,"_187":328,"_922":1449},{"_159":1439,"_161":1440},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltd6267f0056e427cb/6707f1e94c215e0bdbe8db2f/image-1795x965_(2).jpg","cartoon shows a person next to a checklist and several icons that represent disaster scenarios","BCDR Basics: A Quick Reference Guide for IT Pros",{},"Oct 10, 2024",[1445],{"_57":1446,"_183":1447,"_185":1448},"Ian Horowitz","/author/ian-horowitz","https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltc93aa705007174ee/66a10526893fa79494559f62/itpro-contributor-icon2.png",{"_1292":24,"_1293":1450},[],{"_88":1275,"_1268":1452},{"_177":178,"_189":190,"_157":1453,"_163":1456,"_165":1456,"_168":1457,"_170":1457,"_916":1458,"_172":1459,"_174":171,"_175":220,"_176":221,"_179":1460,"_187":188,"_922":1462},{"_159":1454,"_161":1455},"https://eu-images.contentstack.com/v3/assets/blt07f68461ccd75245/bltfffa964ee37aaf1e/66f6ee6fe8a6b02af4dab7fe/powershell_environment_variables_chart.png","technology interface with a person's hand drawing gears and cogs","Introduction To PowerShell Environment Variables","/powershell/introduction-to-powershell-environment-variables",{},"Sep 30, 2024",[1461],{"_57":272,"_183":273,"_185":274},{"_1292":24,"_1293":1463},[],{"_1338":24},"metadata",{"_1425":1467,"_1468":1469},"blt6777d3b2ba6f2021","aid","106506","schema",[1472],{"_1473":1474,"_1475":1476,"_1477":1478},"@context","https://schema.org","@type","BreadcrumbList","itemListElement",[1479,1483],{"_1475":1480,"_1481":328,"_57":739,"_1482":10},"ListItem","position","item",{"_1475":1480,"_1481":1361,"_57":876,"_1482":1484},"https://www.itprotoday.com/software-development","seo",{"_1487":1488,"_1489":1490,"_1491":1492,"_1493":24,"_1494":1495,"_13":14},"canonicalUrl","https://www.itprotoday.com/software-development?page=46","metaDescription","Explore the latest news and expert commentary on Software Development brought to you by the editors of ITPro Today","metaTitle","Software Development Recent News | ITPro Today","noIndex","imageUrl","https://www.itprotoday.com/assets/itprotoday-DWmeQ76g.ico","topic","pageName","weatherWidgetConfig","actionData","errors"]

Related Topics

Recent in Cloud

Related Topics

Recent in OS

Related Topics

Recent in IT Mgmt

Related Topics

Recent in Career

Related Topics

Recent in Storage

Related Topics

Recent in Security

Related Topics

Recent in Dev

Related Topics

Recent in DX

Related Topics

Recent in Infrastructure

Related Topics

Software Development

Editor's Choice

Featured Technical Explainers

Recent What Is